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Water hardness is removed by a process called ion-exchange. Hard water is passed through a cylinder containing ion-exchange resin in the form of millions of tiny plastic beads. The resin attracts and exchanges the hardness ions in the water. The resin is automatically cleaned or 'regenerated' by rinsing a small amount of brine through the resin cylinder. Brine is made from dry salt tablets that are topped up by the user periodically. The used brine, containing accumulated hardness, does not enter the household water system - it is automatically flushed away down a nearby drain. Refreshed by the regeneration the resin is again ready to remove hardness ions from your water. photo close-up: ion-exchange resin beads. It is important to note that the salt is not added to the water nor does it soften the water, it is just used to clean the ion-exchange resin media bed inside the water softener.
Regeneration occurs automatically, either on a set time basis, or more usually on a volumetric metered basis in the early hours of the
morning, and then only on the days when it actually needs to. All the user has to do is occasionally add
salt tablets to the machine when the remote system monitor starts to indicate that the salt level is getting low. Unlike naturally occurring soft water, softened water has exactly the same amount of dissolved solids as hard water. All we have done is
exchanged calcium and magnesium ions that cause scale and soap scum for sodium ions that do not.
How much sodium is in softened water?
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Water softeners: How does it work?
